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On February 15, 2013, an asteroid will come close enough to Earth to knock satellites out of orbit



January 9, 2013 – SPACE - Near Earth Asteroid (NEA) 2012 DA14 has its annual flyby of the earth on February 15, 2013. Its projected orbit, according to NASA, will bring it well within the orbits of geosynchronous satellites currently orbiting our planet. NASA has indicated that there is no danger of this asteroid impacting our planet, however they have not ruled out our gravity changing the asteroids orbital pattern. NEA 2012 DA 14 was discovered on February 23, 2012 by the Observatorio Astronómico de Mallorca (OAM), near the Spanish city of La Sagra. According to NASA’s Near Earth Object Program, NEO, the asteroid will pass the earth at a distance of 21,000 miles, putting the asteroid’s trajectory in between the earth and the satellites orbiting our planet. Geosynchronous satellites orbiting our planet orbit at a distance of roughly 26,200 miles above the earth. Geostationary orbiting objects orbit at a distance of roughly 22,236 miles above the Earth’s equator. These objects are considered to be in High Earth Orbit (HEO). Any object in space considered to be in a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) is approximately 1250 miles above the equator. The term Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) refers to an orbiting object approximately 12,500 miles above the Earth’s equator, in between objects in an LEO and a HEO, geosynchronous orbit.

With Near Earth Asteroid 2012 DA 14′s flyby falling somewhere in between geosynchronous satellite orbit, and objects orbiting in a Medium Earth Orbit pattern, the potential for this NEO impacting other objects orbiting our planet appears to be almost guaranteed. Could one of these objects be impacted by the asteroid and then be propelled back into our atmosphere? The chance of this happening is low, and NASA has not indicated if this potential happenstance will occur. Asteroid 2012 DA 14 has an estimated diameter of about 45 meters, and a mass of roughly 130,000 metric tons, making it a medium-sized asteroid. If Asteroid DA 14 were to impact the Earth, it would do so with the energy of 2.4 Megatons. Additionally NASA estimates the closest it can get to the earth will be 17,000 miles above the equator. NASA continually tracks these asteroids, through their Near Earth Object Program (NEO) in association with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). NASA’s Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer program (WISE) searches the skies of our solar system making observations in an effort to assess Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHA) orbiting close to our planet. Potentially hazardous asteroids are a smaller subset of the larger group called the Near Earth Asteroids (NEA) that have close orbits to the Earth’s and are big enough to survive passing through our atmosphere and causing damage of great proportions. The asteroid hunting portion of the WISE program is called NEOWISE. “The NEOWISE analysis shows us we’ve made a good start at finding those objects that truly represent an impact hazard to earth,” said Lindley Johnson, program executive for the Near Earth Object Observation Program at NASA. “But we’ve many more to find, and it will take a concerted effort during the next couple of decades to find all of them that could do serious damage or being mission destination in the future. NASA’s NEOWISE project, which wasn’t originally planned as part of WISE, has turned out to be a huge bonus,” said Amy Mainzer, NEOWISE principal investigator, at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena California. “Everything we can learn about these projects helps us understand their origins and fate. Our team was surprised to find the over abundance of low inclination PHA’s. Because they will tend to make more close approaches to earth, these targets can provide the best opportunities for the next generation of human and robotic exploration.” Pres. Obama has called for NASA to access an asteroid in orbit for the purposes of exploring ways to divert its orbit away from the earth in the event of a potential impact. A new project, initiated by scientists at California’s Institute for Space Studies, would put an asteroid into orbit around the Earth’s moon, giving us the ability to study it from a closer distance then the asteroids standard orbit. The majority of asteroids orbiting in our solar system do so in the main asteroid belt, between the planets Mars and Jupiter. –Guardian




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Catastrophes from the past will strike again — we just do not know when






January 9, 2013 – EARTH – One hundred thousand years ago, a massive chunk of the Mauna Loa volcano cracked away from Hawaii and slid into the sea, launching a wave that rose as high as the Eiffel tower up the slopes of a nearby island. That mega-tsunami was not an isolated incident: the past 40,000 years have seen at least ten gigantic landslides of more than 100 cubic kilometers in the North Atlantic ocean alone, each capable of producing waves tens to hundreds of meters high. Another is bound to happen sometime — although whether it will strike tomorrow or 10,000 years from now is anyone’s guess. Earth is now in the middle of a flare-up of supervolcanic activity. Over the past 13.5 million years, no fewer than 19 giant eruptions have each spewed more than 1,000 cubic kilometers of rock — enough to coat an entire continent in a few centimeters of ash and push the planet into ‘nuclear winter’. One of the most recent such eruptions, of Toba in Indonesia 74,000 years ago, was such a catastrophic event that some scientists have blamed it for starting the last ice age and slashing the human population to about 10,000 people. One estimate1 suggests that there is a 1% chance of a super-eruption in the next 460–7,200 years.


Andromeda Strain: Although viruses and bacteria grab more attention, fungi are the planet’s biggest killers. Of all the pathogens being tracked, fungi have caused more than 70% of the recorded global and regional extinctions, and now threaten amphibians, bats and bees. The Irish potato famine in the 1840s showed just how devastating such pathogens can be. Phytophthora infestans (an organism similar to, and often grouped with, fungi) wiped out as much as three-quarters of the potato crop in Ireland and led to the death of one million people. Potato blight is still a threat: 13_A2, a highly aggressive strain of P. infestans, is now rampant in Europe and North Africa. Across the globe, Phytophthora causes some US$ 6.7 billion in annual damages, according to a 2009 estimate4. Sarah Gurr, a plant pathologist at the University of Oxford, UK, estimates that the worst theoretical potato infestation would deprive 1.3 billion people of food each year. Other major staple crops face similar threats, such as rice blast (Magnaporthe oryzae), corn smut (Ustilago maydis), soya bean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) and wheat stem rust (Puccinia graminis). The stem-rust superstrain Ug99 has in recent years slashed yields in parts of Africa by as much as 80%. If all five crop staples were hit with fungal outbreaks at the same time, more than 60% of the world’s population could go hungry, says Gurr. “That’s apocalyptic”, but unlikely, she says — “more of a James Bond movie”. David Hughes, a zoologist at Pennsylvania State University in University Park, adds that terrorists could use fungi to wreak havoc by targeting economically important crops. In the 1980s, for example, a possibly deliberate infection wiped out cacao crops in northern Brazil, changing the country’s demographics and ecology as people moved from unproductive farms to the cities and cleared more rainforest. “If you wanted to destabilize the world, you could easily introduce rubber blight into Southeast Asia,” he says, which would trigger a chain reaction of economic and political effects. Modern agriculture has exacerbated societies’ vulnerability by encouraging farmers to plant the same strains of high-yield crops, limiting the variety of resistance genes among the plants, says Gurr. “We’ve skewed the arms race in favour of the pathogen,” she says. “That’s why we’re on the brink of disaster.” Researchers estimate that there are 1.5 million to 5 million species of fungi in the world, but only 100,000 have been identified. Reports of new types of fungal infection in plants and animals have risen nearly tenfold since 1995 (ref. 3). Gurr suggests that climate change might be a culprit. Humans have cause for concern as well. In the past decade, a tropical fungus called Cryptococcus gattii has adapted to thrive in cooler climes and invaded the forests of North America’s Pacific Northwest. By 2010, it had infected some 280 people, dozens of whom died. Although fungi are not spread as easily from person to person as viruses, for example, and anti-fungal agents can effectively tackle most infections, there are still reasons to worry. Fungi continue to evolve, and once they are established in an ecosystem, they can be almost impossible to wipe out. Given these trends, experts say that fungi have not received enough attention from researchers and governments. “I’d be very surprised if an abrupt fungal infection killed a large swathe of people. But it’s not impossible,” says Matthew Fisher, an emerging-disease researcher at Imperial College London. “Complacency is not a recommended course of action.” –Nature









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Zechariah 12:3,9:
And in that day will I make Jerusalem a burdensome stone for all people; And it shall come to pass in that day, that I will seek to destroy all the nations that come against Jerusalem.


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