The Vacuum and Special Relativity Theory.
Special Relativity Theory examines the behaviour of a quantum of light in the vacuum.
1) The First law of SRT - the speed of a quantum of light in vacuum has
a maximal magnitude (constant, absolute) of c=1.
2) SRT is not considered a gravitational field.
For this reason, Einstein created General Relativity Theory in 1915.
The field in which there is no gravitation is a vacuum.
3) This asserts that action in SRT occurs with particles in
negative four-dimensional (Minkowski) space. This space is absolute.
Mathematicians have constructed its model and speak
of this negative space as completely abstract.
Nobody sees that it has no connection to real existence.
This is similar to a sad joke.
For 100 years everyone has admired SRT.
Millions of articles, reviews and books have been written
and the United Nations has decided to establish 2005 as the centennial year of SRT.
Consider that all that is clear in this theory
is that negative four-dimensional space is abstract and has no real existence.
My God! There does not appear to be anyone to laugh at this joke!
Everyone searches for complex models of four-dimensional space, but truth lies in simplicity. All is very simple.
We meet the negative characteristic of space only in the vacuum, and in the vacuum,
space is merged with time (negative four-dimensional space).
According to the first law, the speed of light is absolute and movement occurs
in the absolute vacuum. So why does everyone speak and write that there is no
absolute movement; that only relative movement v =s/t is real?
Why does everyone say that there is no absolute reference system,
if the absolute speed can be only in absolute space?
Here we have one of the paradoxes in human intelligence.

Pythagoras, theory, Electrodynamics and SRT.
Pythagoras' theory applies equally to the largest and smallest triangle.
So mathematicians had decided, that this applies also to
the electromagnetic phenomena;
that the laws of a nature in the macrocosm and in a microcosm are identical.
It appears that this is not so.
In the macrocosm, Maxwell's laws apply
and in the microcosm, other laws, the laws of SRT operate.
These laws are interconnected.
SRT is a continuation of the development of electrodynamics.
* * *
1)What is the make up of the electron in Maxwell's theory?
Maxwell's equations have no relation to the movement of the electron.
They describe the distribution of electromagnetic waves
but not the movement of a particle such as an electron.
In Maxwell's theory, the charge - electron is considered local,
as though the particle is "at rest".
This means that it particle does not move rectilinearly,
but rotates around the diameter (has the form of a sphere).
The rotation of the electron creates electrical waves.
* * *
2) What is the make up of the electron in SRT?
At the beginning of the last century many scientists
(Einstein, Lorents, Fitzgerald, Poincare, Abraham) were interested in the question:
What will take place, if the electron (Maxwell's) , creating an electrical field,
begins to move - rectilinearly?
All of them came to the conclusion that there would be radical changes with the electron.
These changes are described by the Lorentz transformations.
That is, when the originally rotating electron (sphere) begins to move rectilinearly,
during movement it gradually will change its geometrical form.
Having reached constant speed of c=1, its form will become a circle.
In such condition it is called a "quantum of light ",” photon”.
And when a quantum of light rotates around its diameter its name is “electron “
An "electron" is an actively working “quantum of light”.
With such an interpretation, electrodynamics and SRT become one general theory.

The Vacuum and the Electron
All know, that an electron is not a firm sphere. All know, that its form can be changed.
But nobody understands the borders of the change of the geometrical form of the electron.
So, what are the borders of this change? Quantum theory gives an answer to this question.
It says that at the interaction of the electron with the vacuum, the energy and mass of the
electron become infinite. Physics does not understand what to do with infinite sizes
and therefore have thought up "a method of renormalization", a method
"to sweep the dust under the carpet" / Feynman./
But the situation can be understood another way. Electrons, having the geometrical form
of a sphere, lose their volume and turn into an indefinitely flat circle. In this is the reason
for the occurrence of infinite sizes for the electron. But in physics we know
only one particle which has the form of a flat circle. It is a quantum of light
which flies rectilinearly with speed c= 1.
Hence, the electron turns into a quantum of light. Hence, the elect

Dualism of Light Quanta .
A quantum of light is a privileged particle.
No other particle can travel with the speed (c = 1).
There are two kinds of spins, as a result of which the particle attains motion.
1)Under the action of Planck,s spin, which is equal to the unit ( h =1)
aquantum of light flies rectilinearly with speed (c = 1).
The geometrical form of a circle: (C/D = 3,14).
A quantum of light behaves as a particle.
2) Under the action of Goudsmit-Uhlenbeck's spin, ( ħ = h / 2pi) a quantum of light
rotates around of the diameter and is known as electron.
The geometrical form of a circle is transformed into a sphere.
This kind of movement is described by Lorentz's transformations .
The wave properties of light quantum are shown.
The dualism of a particle becomes clear and the paradox disappears completely.
When the form of a circle is change into the form of a sphere, the transcendental
magnitude (pi = 3,14) is change on another transcendental magnitude (е = 2,71).
The transformation of a circle to a sphere (spin) is described by
the geometry of N. Lobachevsky, F. Klein, A. Poincare.
The transformation of sphere into circle is algebraically
described by a formula, which was discovered by L. Euler in 1748.
cos j + i sin j = e ij

100 years of Einstein's SRT.
100 years have passed from the date of creation of SRT.
Millions of articles, reviews and books have been written and the
United Nations has decided to establish 2005 as the centennial year of SRT.
Considering all that is clear in this theory, one must still
continue to be surprised by its unusual aspects
Lets review it again:
1. SRT is based on two postulates:
a) According to classical mechanics, physical processes,
which occur in rest or in a rectilinearly driven reference system
are described under the same laws.
b) The rectilinear - uniform propagation of a quantum of light (c=1) in vacuo
has a constant magnitude and does not depend on the source of radiation.
These two postulates would be proven if in the final analysis, they corresponded
with Galilean transformations. However, the result appears negative.
Galilean transformations do not unite these two theories. Why?
2. The rectilinear - uniform motion of a quantum of light (c=1) is connected with
Maxwell's classical electrodynamics. SRT has grown from Maxwell's electrodynamics
and main component in it is the electron.
What describes the electron in Maxwell's electrodynamics?
It is natural, that this electron should be in motion, but it does not move rectilinearly.
It rotates around its own diameter ( spin of Goudsmit-Uhlenbeck)
and such a rotation creates electrical waves. In such rotation all geometrical
and physical parameters of the electron are changed.
It is for this reason Einstein utilized the Lorentz transformations.
And all that is sensible in SRT is that it examines two completely
different types of movement: rectilinear (quantum of light c=1)
and rotational (Maxwell's electron).
It examines the transformation of the electron into a quantum of light (photon)
or quantum of light into an electron .
3. According to classical electrodynamics, an electron in rectilinear motion
does not create electrical waves. Why?
Because the electron travels as a quantum of light (c=1).
In such movement its geometrical form is a circle.
In such movement its area of contact with the vacuum is minimal
and it is not capable of changing the uniformity of the vacuum.
4. When the electron rotates around its own diameter, its speed is more
than the rectilinear motion of a quantum of light. Its speed is c > 1.
For this reason physicists ascribe a huge frequency
to the electron which is the reason its energy E =ħw is higher.
* * *
If you have time and desire, I ask you to visit my site
http://www.socratus.com
Best regards.
Socratus.

The GOD, the ZERO and the MATERIAL WORLD .
The God could begin to create the Universe only in an absolute
reference system and only under physical and mathematical laws.
Now is consider, that an absolute reference system is
the cosmic microwave background radiation Т = 2,7К.
But this relic radiation is extending and decreasing.
Therefore in the future it will come to Т = 0К.
From Т=0К the physics begins.
From Т=0К the religion begins.
From Т=0К the philosophy begins.
From Т=0К the psychology begins.
From Т=0К the Genesis begins.
From Т=0К the formation of stars begins.
From Т=0К the God creates all.
How the God has made it?
The quantum physics approves, that in the beginning God has created
" virtual particles ".
Astrophysics approves, that in the beginning God has created " latent mass ",
"invisible particles ".
From them the God has created all.
But nobody knows, that such " virtual particles ",
that such " latent mass ", " invisible particles ".
About it and about the creation of Existence
it is telling in the book and on a site:
http://www.socratus.com
Thanks.
Best wishes.
Socratus.

What is the electron?
Robert Milliken, who weighed electron, in his Nobel speech ( 1923)
told, that he knew nothing about “last essence of electron”.
In that case there is one old joke.
One professor asked a student:
“ What is an electron?”
“ Ah, God **** it! I have forgotten. And in fact even in the morning I knew it. ”-
the student answered.
“ You should recollect it without fail, - professor said – because you were
the unique person who knew, what electron was, and you had suddenly forgotten!”
This old joke does not grow old.
And today a question: “What is the electron?” remains without answer.
How the electron looks nobody knows.
* * *
1) What does the electron do in Maxwell's theory?
Maxwell's equations have no relation to the movement of the electron.
They describe the distribution of electromagnetic waves
but not the movement of a particle such as an electron.
In Maxwell's theory, the electron is considered local,
as though the particle is "at rest".
This means that it particle does not move rectilinearly,
but rotates around the diameter (has the form of a sphere).
The rotation of the electron creates electrical waves.
* * *
But everybody knows, that an electron is not a firm sphere.
Everybody knows, that its form can be changed.
And these changes describes by SRT.
2) What does the electron do in SRT ?
At the beginning of the last century many scientists
(Einstein, Lorents, Fitzgerald, Poincare, Abraham) were interested in the question:
“What will take place, if the electron (Maxwell's), creating an electrical field,
begins to move - rectilinearly? “
All of them came to the conclusion that there would be radical changes with the electron.
These changes are described by the Lorentz transformations.
That is, when the originally rotating electron (sphere) begins to move rectilinearly,
during movement it gradually will change its geometrical form.
* * *
But nobody understands the borders of the electron,s changes.
So, what are the borders of this change?
Quantum theory gives an answer to this question.
It says that at the interaction of the electron with the vacuum, his energy and mass
become infinite. Physicists do not understand what to do with infinite sizes,
and therefore they have invented "a method of renormalization",
a method "to sweep the dust under the carpet" / Feynman./
This method is abstract.
The situation can be understood in another way.
Electrons, having the geometrical form of a sphere, lost their volume and turned
into an indefinitely flat circle. In this reason, infinite sizes of the electron occurred.
But in physics we know only one particle which has the form of a flat circle.
It is a quantum of light, which flies rectilinearly with speed c= 1.
Therefore, the electron can turns only into a quantum of light.
That is why, the electron and /or a quantum of light is the same particle in different states.
* * *
It is proved, when electron leaves atom, its electric field changes.
The spherical field will be transformed to an ellipse field.
And in process of his removal the ellipse field is more and more extended.
And in a limit (at the moment of breaking-off ) the electron gets the form of a string.
(String theory).
Therefore, electron can have the different geometrical forms: circle, sphere and string.
* * *
In the books it is written, that electrons interact among themselves with the help
of a quantum of light. In the books it is written that an electron in an atom passing
from one orbit to another radiates a quantum of light.
It should be understood as follows.
The electron has a quantum of light in a “pocket” or under a "shirt"
which it gives freedom from time to time.
Why is it necessary for the electron to hide a quantum of light?
* * *
If you have time and desire, I ask you to visit my site
http://www.socratus.com
Best wishes.
Socratus.